Projects | Significance of the Russian Federation Legislation on Closed Cities

[The Analytical Center for Non-proliferation]

Significance of the Russian Federation Legislation on Closed Cities, Nuclear Weapons and Dual-Use Technologies Export Control for Nonproliferation

(final report under contract between the Analytical Center for Non-proliferation and the U.S. Department of Energy under the auspices of the Nuclear Cities Initiative)

This final report discusses the significance of the Russian Federation legislation on Closed Administrative Territorial Units (Closed Cities), nuclear weapons and export control of dual-use technologies for nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.

This effort has been carried out by a team of RFNC-VNIIEF experts under contract between the Analytical Center for Nonproliferation and the U.S. Department of Energy under the auspices of the Nuclear Cities Initiative. Some of the authors in the early 90s were members of the City Council of the town of Arzamas-16 (now Sarov) and directly participated in preparing of the federal law on the Closed Administrative Territorial Units and corresponding legislative acts.

[ rf_zato_laws_e.pdf 0.8 Mb ]

You can download report "Significance of the Russian Federation Legislation on Closed Cities, Nuclear Weapons and Dual-Use Technologies Export Control for Nonproliferation" in pdf format from here.

You need Adobe Acrobat Reader to be installed. It can be freely downloaded from here.

Table of Contents:

Introduction

Chapter 1. The Role of Legislation in Establishing Special Conditions for Safe and Secure Operation of Nuclear Weapon Complex Enterprises and in Preventing Criminal and Terrorism Acts in the Specific Environment of Closed Cities

1.1. The problems of ensuring safety and security of Nuclear Weapon Complex facilities as they are in the law on Closed Cities
1.2. Establishing special conditions for safe and secure operation of Nuclear Weapon Complex enterprises
1.3. Major threats that stimulate preservation and maintenance of the special regime for safe and secure operation of NWC enterprises
1.4. Legal and organizational support for terrorism prevention and response
1.5. Extra opportunities in criminality control provided by the laws in the specific environment of Closed Cities

Chapter 2. The Role of Laws in Preventing Emergency Situations and Controlling Their Potential Impact Mitigation at Nuclear Weapon Enterprises and Sites

2.1. The role of emergency and accident prevention at the NWC enterprises and sites in nonproliferation
2.2. The existing legislative basis in the field of industrial, nuclear and radiation safety and security of nuclear and radiation high-consequence industrial facilities, and personnel, public and environment protection
2.3. Legislative regulation of the Integrated State System of Emergency Prevention and Neutralization
2.4. Legislation in controlling radiation safety of NWC employees and population for their health protection
2.5. Characteristics of the laws on emergency and accident prevention and controlling mitigation of their possible impact as applied to the specificity of the Closed Cities

Chapter 3. The Features of Weapon Specialists' Social Status and the Problems of Stability of Closed Cities' Social Environment

3.1. The features of social environment in Closed Cities and nuclear weapon center specialists' social status
3.2. Protection of ZATO citizens' rights by federal laws
3.3. Local self-government as one of the mechanisms to implement people's rights and interests in the specific environment of ZATOs
3.4. Unavoidable restrictions of citizens' rights as a feature of ZATOs
3.5. Social guaranties and compensations to ZATO inhabitants and Nuclear Weapon Complex employees
3.6. Employment as one of the most important provisions against social tension and NW technologies proliferation

Chapter 4. The Role of Legislation in Facilitating Conversion of the Nuclear Weapon Complex Enterprises and International Cooperation in the Field of Conversion

4.1. Development of the state policy in the field of conversion
4.2. Basic provisions of the RF laws on conversion and governmental support of NWC conversion
4.3. Closed Cities' peculiarities in context of conversion purposes
4.4. International cooperation in the field of conversion

Chapter 5. Legal Regulation of Investment Zone Functioning and Business Activities in ZATOs (with Sarov given as an example)

5.1. The features of ZATOs' local budget generation
5.2. Impact of restrictions entailed by the special safety and security regime on the investment activities in ZATOs
5.3. The mechanism of the investment zone functioning in Sarov
5.4. Business activity benefits from establishing an investment zone in ZATO Sarov and investment zone mechanism improvement

Chapter 6. The Problem of ZATO Opening and Nonproliferation

6.1 Background of the discussions on the possibility and expediency of ZATO opening
6.2. Problems that may arise at ZATO opening

Chapter 7. The Role of the RF Legislation on Dual-Use Technology Export Control in Nonproliferation Maintaining

7.1. Export control system formation
7.2. Russia's mechanism of export control and its legislative and other regulatory security
7.3. The Role of MINATOM in the system of state nuclear export control in the Russian Federation

Conclusion

References

Acronyms